"the large container ship MSC Qingdao forced its way through after closure using the southern channel, followed by two Sinokor VLCCs" [MSC Qingdao]
The article records at least five distinct defiance events: MSC Qingdao, two Sinokor VLCCs, three Saudi Bahri tankers with AIS off, and South Korean/Emirati tankers using the Oman channel. The diversity of actors — European, Korean, Saudi, Chinese-operated — suggests this is not a single state's calculated defiance but a market-driven collective action problem for Iran. This generalizes to a broader structural dynamic: as global trade volumes and ship values rise, the economic cost of compliance with unilateral closure orders increases, making enforcement by sub-great-power states progressively harder without kinetic interdiction.